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Chemistry Nobel Prize in Chemistry by palladium catalysis of cross-links in organic synthesis

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010 was appointed scientists Richard F. Heck (USA), Ei-ichi Negishi (Japan), Akira Suzuki (Japan), the development of catalysis by cross-linking of palladium in organic synthesis , an important tool for organic chemistry today.

The applications of this tool reaches many areas of action for chemical such as medicine, electronics, and technology. Develop the ability of scientists to create sophisticated chemicals, for example, the development of carbon-based molecules as complex as the same as those found in nature.

The applied organic chemistry is exploring ways to create carbon-based compounds such as plastics and pharmaceuticals. To accomplish this, chemical must be able to join the carbon atoms to form functional molecules. However, the carbon is a stable element, which does not react easily with others.

Therefore, the first methods to force the carbon to join it were based on more reactive through substances. Solutions such work when it was about creating simple molecules, but by synthesizing more complex the method failed.

Catalyzed cross-linking through palladium solved this problem and provided the chemicals of a new tool to work more efficiently. In reactions produced by Heck, Negishi and Suzuki , the carbon atoms meet palladium atoms (electron-rich and, therefore, a "magnet" for carbon), causing a rapid chemical reaction (ie, a catalyst ).

Currently, catalysis by the palladium crosslinking organic synthesis is used in research worldwide, the development of important drugs to fight cancer or powerful virus, or even in the commercial production of, for example, pharmaceutical and molecules used in the electronics industry .

None of the three scientists worked together, but his experimental work separately managed the development of this important chemical tool and the ability to use today.

The three shared the 2010 Nobel Prize awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, a prize of about 1 million euros will be awarded in a pompous ceremony led by the King of Sweden on 10 December, when recalling the death of Alfred Nobel .

; ; Juan Pacheco Mayayo , 2 º Bachillerato